هيرناندو کورتیز .. كتاب المائة الأوائل

Hernando Cortez

HERNANDO CORTES

1485 - 1547

Herr Nando Cortez, the conqueror of Mexico, was born in 1485 in the city of Medellin, Spain, and his father was an obscure nobleman. In his youth, Cortez entered the University of Salamanca, where he studied law. At the age of nineteen, he left Spain to search for wealth and luck in the New World. He arrived in Hispaniola in 1504 and spent a period of time There he worked as a polite farmer and a local don Juan, and in 1011 he participated in the conquest of Cuba at the hands of the Spaniards, then he married the sister-in-law of the Spanish governor of Cuba, and so he was appointed governor of Santiago.

In 1518 Cortez was chosen to lead an expedition to Mexico. But the ruler who chose Cortez was afraid of his ambition, so he canceled his appointment as the leader of that campaign, but it was too late. Cortez had set sail in February 1519 with eleven ships with 110 sailors and 553 soldiers (including 13 soldiers with hand guns and 32 soldiers with bows and crossbows) and he had ten heavy and four light cannons and 16 horses and arrived on Good Friday. And the soldiers landed near the site of Veracruz, and Cortez stayed near the coast for a period of time to collect information about the situation in Mexico. He learned that the (Aztecs) who were ruling Mexico had their capital located in the interior and that they had great stocks of precious and that they were hated by the tribes that they had subdue it. Cortez decided to march on the lands of the Aztecs and conquer them, and this adventure was his soldier, so he burned the boats that were carrying them, and so he left his men no choice but to follow him to victory, or to be killed by the Indians.

One of the Indian tribes that fought him confronted Cortez's army, and then joined him in the trials of the Aztecs, who hated them. Then Cortez continued his march towards the capital and defeated its king, who was called Montezuma II, and this had made a plan for a quick attack on Cortez's army, but Cortez had learned of that moment and made a surprise attack on the army of Motezuma and defeated it, then that captured King Motezuma and became a plaything that entered the capital. Without a fight and after his hands.

At this time, a Spanish force landed on the coast of Mexico to arrest Cortez, so Cortez initiated to meet it and break that force. After that, Mexico became affiliated with Spain, and it became the old (Aztec) capital called Mexico, and it became the capital of the new Spanish colony.