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Julius Caesar

JULIUS CAESAR

100-44 BC. M

Julius Caesar, the famous Roman military and political leader, was born in Rome in the year 100 BC. During a period of unprecedented upheaval and chaos in Rome.

The Romans established in the second century BC, and after their victory over Carthage in the Punic Wars, a vast empire after the great conquests that affected these conquests caused the wealth of many Romans, and at the same time they spoiled the economic and social structure of Rome. The Roman elders, who were originally a council of elders of a small city, became unable to rule a large empire. Political corruption prevailed in the entire Mediterranean world, which complained of misrule and corruption.

Julius Caesar was the first political leader to call that the democratic government in Rome no longer deserves to be saved, and that it has passed or it has already been saved.

Julius Caesar descended from an honorable aristocratic family in Rome and indulged in political and military life as a young man. When he became forty-two years old, he was appointed governor of three states under Roman rule. . He had an army of about 20,000 men under his command.

And between the years 58-51 BC. M. Julius Caesar used these powers to invade a region that today is met by France, Belgium and a section of. Yusra and Germany, although the number of his army was less than two armies, he was able, with his courage and military sophistication, to overcome the Gallic tribes, adding to the possessions of Rome the lands of the Rhine Basin, and he sent two campaigns to Britain and conquered it, but that did not last long.

His victories aroused terror in the hearts of his political opponents in the Roman Senate, so he ordered to return to Rome alone because he realized that his political opponents would kill him, so he crossed the Rubicon River and returned to Rome, but after four years of wars with the armies loyal to the Senate, he was appointed after his return and victory over those armies as a dictator. For life, and he was offered the crown in February 44 BC. M, but he rejected it, and he believed that the enlightened and effective tyrannical rule is what the Roman Empire needs, which he asks himself. But his political opponents did not reassure him, and in March 44 BC. AD (in the famous mid-March) Julius Caesar was assassinated in a meeting. Senate by a number of conspirators.

During the last years of his life, Caesar embarked on a reform program. He planned to repopulate the ancient warriors and the civilian poor of Rome in new, sporadic areas in the Roman Empire. The Roman pastoral endowed additional shepherds of people and worked to establish a system of local administration in the Italian cities, then he planned a constructive and structural program, but he was unable to create a constitutional system for the rule of Rome. This is the main reason for his downfall.

Julius Caesar is considered one of the great political leaders and personalities who possessed a spiritual power that is endearing to peoples, and he possessed several varieties. Talents, he was a successful politician and a brilliant leader, in addition to that he was an orator, and his book describing his conquest of Gaul is considered one of the famous classic Latin literary books, and according to the opinion of many of those who studied it, it is considered the most readable and enjoyable Latin book.