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Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur

1822 - 1895 AD

The French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur is considered the single most important figure in the history of medicine, and Pasteur contributed in many ways to science. However, most of his fame lies in his defense and support for the pathological germ theory and the development of preventive vaccination technology.

Pasteur was born in 1822 in the city of (Doules) in eastern France and studied science at the university and his genius appeared late because he was a student and one of his teachers wrote about him that he was average or ordinary in chemistry, but after he obtained his doctorate in 1847: Pasteur showed that his teacher's observation was wrong His research on tartaric acid made Pasteur a well-known chemist while he was still twenty-six years old.

After that, his activity turned to the study of fermentations, and he proved that the fermentation process resulted from the action of certain types of very small microorganisms. Some types of microorganisms can Undesirable effects in humans and other animals.

Pasteur was not the first person to propose the theory of pathological germs, as similar hypotheses appeared earlier at the hands of Gerola Mo Fracastoro, Henley and others, but Pasteur's heroic enthusiasm in presenting the germ theory that he supported with his multiple experiments was the main factor in convincing the scientific community of the validity of his theory.

And if the disease is caused by germs, then it is obvious that preventing germs from entering the human body avoids disease, and for this Pasteur stressed that doctors use sterilization methods, and he was the main influence on Joseph Lister, who presented the world with the use of sterilization methods in the art of surgery. Harmful bacteria enter the body through food and drink. Pasteur developed a method called pasteurization to kill microscopic germs in drinks, and that method showed that milk contaminated with germs was a source of disease infection.

When Pasteur was in his mid-50s, he turned his attention to anthrax, an infectious disease that frequently affects livestock. others, including humans. Pasteur showed that there is a special bacteria that is this disease. Pasteur used a weak filter of the anthrax bacillus and vaccinated the cattle with it.

This candidate a mild form of the disease was not specific but helped the cattle to gain immunity against the normal form of the disease. This method aroused great enthusiasm and people realized that this method could be applied in preventing many other communicable diseases. Pasteur invented a way to vaccinate humans against rabies, and other scientists followed Pasteur's method, so they invented other dangerous vaccines, such as typhus and polio.

Basur was also able to discover the phenomenon of (anaerobic), which is the ability of some organisms to live without oxygen or air. His work in combating silkworm diseases was of great commercial interest. Among his other achievements, we find the development of a vaccine to prevent chicken cholera, a disease. He was killing domestic birds.
Pasteur passed away in 1895
Pasteur in his laboratory.