کارل مارکس .. كتاب المائة الأوائل

Karl Marx

Karl Marx

1818 - 1883 AD

Karl Marx is considered the founder of scientific socialism and was born in 1818 in Trier, Germany. His father was a lawyer, and when he was seventeen, he entered the University of Bonn to study law, and later moved to the University of Berlin, but he obtained a doctorate in philosophy. Pena University.

Then he turned to journalism, and after a while he became the editor-in-chief of the Rheinische Zeiting newspaper in Cologne, but his revolutionary (radical) views caused him trouble, so he moved to Paris, and there he met Frederick Engels, and their intimate personal friendship continued throughout their lives.

Marx was soon expelled from France, so he moved to Brussels, and there he published his first distinguished work, which is (The Misery of Philosophy). And at the end of that year. Marx returned to Cologne but was soon expelled after a few months, at which point he moved to London, where he spent the rest of his life.

Although he earned his living from writing articles, Marx spent most of his time in London researching and writing books on politics and economics.

During those years, the close friend Engels was providing Marx with financial assistance to make ends meet (his and his family's needs). The first volume of his important work, Capital, appeared in 1867. When Marx died in 1883, the last two volumes had not been completed, but Engels completed them from the notes and manuscripts that Marx had left behind.

And that Marx's writings form the basis of communism, and given the increasing importance of the communist movement in the twentieth century, it is clear that he deserves a high place on this list.

At the present time, one century after the death of Marx, the number of people who embrace Marxism is about (1.3) billion people, and this number exceeds the number of adherents to any ideology during the history of mankind. This is what prompted some non-communist writers to believe that the future will witness an overwhelming victory for Marxism. Communism at the present time stresses on four main ideas:

(1) There are a few rich people who live in luxury, while the rest of the workers live in poverty and destitution.

(2) The way to correct these injustices is to establish a socialist system, i.e. a system in which the means of production belong to the people and not to individuals.

(3) In most cases the only practical way to replace this
The system is socialist revolutions.

(4) To maintain this socialist system, the dictatorship of the working class must be maintained for a considerable period of time.

The importance of the philosopher is not only in his philosophy, but whether his ideas influenced and moved men to action. If we judge Marx in this regard, we find him of great importance.