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Confucius
CONFUCIUS
551 BC. M - 479 BC. M

The great Chinese philosopher Confucius was the founder of the rational system that controls the public thought of the Chinese people. Because his philosophy is an institution. Personal morality and the concept of a government that serves the people and is dominated by moral ideals. This philosophy has been implemented into. Chinese life and Chinese culture about two thousand years. It has greatly affected a large portion of the core of the world's population.

Confucius was born around 551 BC. M in the small state (Lu), which is now a state belonging to Shantang in northeastern China. His father died when he was young, and Confucius and his mother lived in poverty. When he was young, he became a simple government employee, but he quit his job after a while. And he began to spread his teachings for a period of sixteen years, thus attracting many students to his teachings, and when he reached the age of fifty, he was rewarded with his installation in a high position with the government in (Lu), but after about four years of service, his enemies in the court began to conspire against him, which caused him to be expelled from the job and exiled From that country, he spent the next thirteen years as an itinerant teacher, then returned to his homeland in the last five years of his life and died in 479 BC.

Confucius is considered the founder of a religion, but this description is far from accurate, as he rarely referred to much or little to God, refused to discuss the afterlife, and avoided all metaphysical contemplation. Therefore, he is considered a worldly philosopher who cared about personal and political morality and behavior.

Confucius considers the two important virtues to be (Jin) and (Li), and the ideal man lives his life according to them. (Jinn) has been translated with love, but it is better known as the decisive concern for our fellow human beings. As for (Lee), it describes a set of morals, rituals, traditions, etiquette, decency, and decency.

In his teachings, Confucius emphasized loyalty to the family and respect for parents, and emphasized the loyalty of the wife to her husband and the people to his rulers. His views were very conservative, as he believed that the golden age was in the past. He urged the rulers and the people to return to the old moral standards.

And in the time of the Chinese royal family (Han), the Chinese emperors used to select state employees by setting an exam that depends to a large extent on knowledge of the teachings and etiquette of Confucius. He was fading while his teachings were deeply rooted in the past, and it is not surprising that after fifty or a hundred years from now a new Chinese philosopher would appear who unites the teachings of Confucius, Ma and Zedong.