موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ٣_م

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors.. Scientists in order according to their nickname.. The letter 3_m

⏹ Mahmoud, Hassan Pasha
Mahmud Hasan Pasha

Egyptian physician and scientist (1847-1906)
Hassan bin Ali Mahmoud was born in the village of Talbiya, on the outskirts of Cairo. He received his school education in Egypt, then studied medicine in Germany and France. After his return, he held a number of important positions in Egypt. Al-Qasr Al-Ainy Hospital.
Hassan Mahmoud is considered one of the genius doctors in Egypt, if in addition to his medical skill he had the extraordinary ability to write, as he left twenty-six books, most of which were printed, such as: Medical Benefits in Skin Diseases, Hemorrhoids and Their Treatment, Modern Exploration in Egyptian Furunculosis, Medical Abstract in Internal Diseases, Hypothyroidism and Cholera He wrote a book in French called Pemphigus.

Mössbauer, Rudolf

German physicist (1929-)
Mespauer was born, raised, educated, and then worked in Munich. In the year 1958, he discovered the phenomenon of gamma rays, with a completely defined energy and frequency, under certain conditions, from crystals containing radioactive atoms. This phenomenon is known as: “Effect of the Mossbauer probe.”
Messbauer immigrated to America and worked at the California Institute of Technology. In 1961, he shared the Nobel Prize with Hofstadter for their research in gamma radiation.

⏹ Supervisor, Mustafa Attia
Musharraf, Mustapha bin Atiyya

Egyptian athlete (1898 - 1950)
. Mosharafa graduated from the Teachers High School in Cairo and continued his studies at the University of Nottingham and the Royal College in London.
Musharafa is considered one of the pioneers of contemporary Arab researchers and athletes. He has published a number of books about his research in European scientific and social scientific journals. The special theory of relativity, we and science, the atom and atomic bombs, science and life, and scientific studies · In addition, he co-authored a number of textbooks in pure mathematics and applied mathematics.
Musharrafah studied Al-Khwarizmi's book "Algebra and Contrast" and commented on it.

⏹ Macleod, John James Richard
Macleod, John James Richard

Scottish physiologist (functions of organs) (1876-1935)
Macleod received his education in Aberdeen, Leipzig and Cambridge, then lectured in biochemistry at the London Hospital, after which he worked as a professor of physiology, Cleveland in Ohio, then in Toronto and then returned to Aberdeen · In partnership with Banting and Best, MacLeod discovered «insulin, (the substance necessary for diabetics) .
He was chosen a Fellow of the Royal Society, and he shared the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1923 with Banting. He wrote several books on physiology.

Miller, Hermann Joseph
Hermann Joseph Muller

American biologist (1890-1967)
Miller was educated in Colombia and worked in Moscow
And Edinburgh and in American universities · Engaged in studying a type of fly called "Drosophila", which is characterized by its suitability for studying the mechanism of inheritance, in order to develop a theory on "genes". The results of Miller's studies, at the level of the achievements of Darwin and Mendel, are of great importance.
He exposed the genes to various physical factors, including X-rays, and was able to create new artificial traits in these animals. Miller concluded that there is no significant effect of thermal, optical or kinetic changes on the properties of genes » He won the Nobel Prize for Physiology in 1946.

⏹Malkan, Robert Andrews
Millikan Robert Andrews

American physicist (1868 - 1953).
Malakan learned at Oberlin College, where he worked as a physics lecturer, then went to Columbia, Berlin, Gittingen, and finally worked as a professor of physics in Chicago and at the California Institute of Technology. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his measurements of electrons.
Two kings conducted many experiments and studies in electricity, gases, cosmic and x-rays. He is famous for his "oil drop" experiment in determining the quantity (j) of an electron. He wrote a number of valuable scientific books.