موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ٢_ك

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors.. Scientists in order according to their nickname.. The letter 2_k

Cassini, Jacques Dominique de (Comte) Cassini

French mathematician and geographer (1748-1845)
Jacques Dominique is one of the descendants of Giovanni Cassini and he is the son of Cesar François. He succeeded his fathers in the Paris Observatory. He also completed producing the topographical map of France, which his father started. Jacques Dominique was imprisoned for a period of time during the French Revolution.

⏹- Cassini, Giovanni Domenico (Jean Domenech)
Cassini, Giovanni Domenico (Jean Dominique)

Italian - French astronomer (1625 - 1712)
Cassini learned in his roots and worked as a professor of astronomy in the city of Bologna, then worked as director of the Paris Observatory. He made many astronomical discoveries, including the discovery of four satellites of Saturn, and also discovered the zodiacal light and the inclination of the ecliptic circle of Saturn. The name Cassini is called on this inclination. Cassini explained the reason Editing the moon, he also measured the rotation periods of Venus, Mars and Jupiter. Cassini was not preceded by the discovery of the famous point on Jupiter except the scientist Hooke (1635 to 1703) and he was interested in studying this planet Oval (as the shape resulting from the rotation of the ellipse around
Its largest axis), but it was later proven that the shape of the Earth is more like a flattened ball. Cassini rejected Roemer's discovery, which is that light has a final speed, that is, it is not absolute, and Cassini was wrong in that.

⏹ Cassini, by Thierry Cesare François
Cassini, de Thury, César François

French astronomer and geographer (1714-1784).
He is the son of Jacques Cassini and the grandson of Giovanni Cassini. Cesare Francois succeeded his father in running the Paris Observatory. One of his most prominent works is the topographical map (surface features map) of France. Work began on it in 1744 and was completed by his son, Jacques Dominique.

⏹ Kavanto, Joseph Bayanimeh
Caventou, Joseph Bienaime

French chemist (1795-1878)
. Kavanto worked as a professor at the Ecole des Pharmacies in Paris and collaborated with the chemist Pelletier (from 1788 to 1842). They conducted research and made many chemical discoveries.
These two scientists introduced the word chlorophyll to biology, as they discovered the compound quinine (cinchona bark extract) and strychnine (a substance that stimulates nerves) and procine (which is similar to strychnine but is less toxic and is often found with it in the plant called nux vomica As well as «Alsinkonin, which is used as a substitute for quinine in the treatment of malaria and the common cold.

⏹ Cavendish, Henry Cavendish

English chemist and physicist (1810-1731)
Cavendish studied in Cambridge, and he is from a prominent family in England, and despite having more than a million pounds at that time, he was austere, simple and shy, so he devoted himself to scientific research.
Cavendish discovered the properties of hydrogen and determined that it is an element • He also studied the composition of atmospheric air and determined its elemental composition. He also studied the composition of water and was able to prepare it industrially for the first time in the history of laboratories.
Cavendish believed that heat arises from the movement of the parts of matter and attributed this idea to Isaac Newton instead of Francis Bacon. Cavendish was the first to measure Newton's gravitational constant by means of a device similar to the Libra balance, and he concluded that the average specific weight of the Earth is equal to 5.448, while Boys reached the value 5.5270 (Bouzir lived from 1855 to 1944).
Cavendish is respected by the British. His name was given to one of the most important laboratories in his honor.

⏹ Calton, Gardner Concey
Calton, Gardner Quincy

American chemist (1814 - 1898)
Calton is famous for showing the anesthetic effect of nitrous oxide (N2 O), which is known as laughing gas. Calton partnered with dentist Horus Wells Horrace in using this gas as an anesthetic for tooth extraction, and he did not use this gas for a long time due to the difficulty that accompanied its use at that time (see Horse Wells).

⏹ Callen, William William Cullen,

Scottish physician (1710-1790)
Callen learned in Glasgow, where he later worked as a professor of medicine, and he also worked as a professor of chemistry in Edinburgh, and during some of his experiments in association with Darwin, Callen had noticed the high temperature of the gas when pressurized.

⏹ Kamerlingh, Onnes

(See: Onnes Kamerlingh) Onnes, Kamerlingh.