موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ٣_ف

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors.. Scientists in order according to their nickname.. The letter 3_F

⏹ Freundlich, Herbert
Herbert Freundlich,

German chemist (1880-1941)
Freundlich emerged as a professor of chemistry at the University of Brunswick in Austria, then left it to a better position in Berlin. Freundlich's research in colloidal chemistry and the capillary property became famous.

⏹ Friedel, Charles Friedel, Charles

French chemist (1832 - 1899)
Friedel worked in each of the “Ecole des Maines” (College of Mines) and “Ecole Normale”, then he worked as a professor of mineralogy at the “Sorbonne”, and finally he taught organic chemistry there.
Friedel produced industrial gemstones, especially industrial diamonds, and studied the pyroelectricity phenomena in crystals.
He also worked in organic chemistry on aldehydes and ketones, such as the compounds to which both formalin and acetone belong, respectively.
The amount of industrial diamonds obtained by Friedel was so small that it did not allow for analyses, but its soft grains were harder to scratch than corundum crystals. Friedel partnered with Crafts in the synthesis of benzene derivatives.

⏹ Freer Sir David
Ferrier Sir David

English neurologist (1928 - 1843)
Freer received his education in Aberdeen, Heidelberg and Edinburgh, then he finally worked as a professor of medicine at King's College in London, then he worked as a professor of neurology. Freer was chosen as a Fellow of the Royal Society, and his important research on the brain became famous, and he was able to achieve original results in the study of the locations of functional activities in the brain. Thus, he elevated this branch of knowledge to the rank of an independent science, and it became possible to perform operations to remove brain tumors. He was conducting experiments on Live animals, and this aroused the resentment of the anti-vivisectionists.

Fariz, Elias Magnus
Fries, Elias Magnus

Swedish botanist (1794 - 1878)
Freese received his education at Lund University and then worked as a teacher there. Soon after, he moved to Uppsala to continue teaching botany. Frieze's studies covered all fields of botanical studies (in his day) • Frieze introduced a new division of plants based on the study of external phenomena and their biology (all aspects of their vital activity).

⏹ Fresenius, Carl Remigius
Fresenius, Karl Remigius

German chemist (1818 - 1897)
Fresenius received his education in Bonn and Giessen and worked as a professor of chemistry in Wiesbaden • Fresenius worked on the studies of Berzelius and prepared tables in analytical chemistry, revised editions of which are still being used.

Frisch, Otto Robert Frisch

Austrian physicist ( 1904 - )
Fresh education in Vienna and other universities. Frisch and his colleague, the physicist Meitner, were involved in the atomic bomb project.
The expression nuclear fission for the first time in 1939 in their explanation of one of the physical hypotheses.
Frisch was promoted to Head of the Department of Nuclear Physics at Harwell and Professor of Natural Philosophy at Cambridge.
He was chosen as a Fellow of the British Royal Society. Frisch published a book entitled: Meet the Atoms, which he published in 1947. He also published several studies on nuclear physics. It is mentioned that Frisch is the nephew of the scientist Meitner.

⏹ Frémy, Edmon

French chemist (1814 - 1894)
Fremy was one of the students of the chemist Gay-Lussac, and after his graduation he worked as a professor of chemistry at the Ecole Polytechnic and then at the Museum of Natural History in Paris. He succeeded in preparing Fremy's thesis on hydrogen fluoride in the preparation of sapphire industrially, and he prepared a sample of it. • He conducted many studies on the saponification of fats, the coloration of flowers, and on oxides of iron, tin, and lead.

⏹ Freeman, Walter "Freeman".

American neurologist ( 1895 - )
Freeman learned at Yale, Pasadena, Paris and Rome, then worked as director of the laboratories of St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Washington. He wrote and published a number of books on his specialty and psychological surgery, and he is one of the largest scholars of these subjects at the present time.
Freeman participated with Dr. Watts in the development of a surgical procedure known as “prefrontal lobotomy surgery”, which is frequently used in the treatment of psychosis (such as the inability to resist obsessions and doubts) and systolic touch. Moniz introduced this treatment in 1935 and called it leucotomy.
It involves severing the bundle of sutures between the frontal lobes and the thalamus.