تويت
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الأساسي للصور المتحركة
تحرير أفلامك ..
إجراء التحرير
EDITING PROCEDURE
The first step in editing a reel of film is to load it into the projector and run it through normally . Don't try to take notes or make changes at the first showing . Content yourself with getting an overall impression of the action . Now , with your 3 x 5 cards and pencil handy , run it through again . This time make notes with a view toward later editing . Use a separate card for each scene , no matter how short or how similar it is to the preceding one , and number each card consecutively with pencil or black ink . You will undoubtedly have to stop and start the projector , run it back and change its speed many times while you are making your notes .
These notes should list each scene by a brief descriptive title so you can identify it later , the apparent camera distance and any other comments you may think of in regard to later cutting and editing . Possible card entries for our garden film might run something like this :
View of Family Garden . LS . O.K. , but cut 1 foot at beginning , and about 2 feet at end .
Dad Clipping Hedge . MCU . ( two takes ) Use first .
Dad Inspecting Rose Bush . CU . Cut excess footage at beginning .
Dad Calling to Mother . MS . ( two takes ) Use second , cut both ends .
Dad Spraying Bush . MCU . Cut out . Action bad .
Dad Spraying Rose Bush . Ball Rolls Into Scene . MCU . O.K.
And so on for the remainder of the film . How detailed you make these preliminary notes depends upon the type of editing equipment you have . If you have a simple viewer which will not permit you to see the film in motion , you will have to make specific notes as to how much to cut off at each end of every scene to make good continuity . If your film viewer is the more elaborate type which enables you to see the film in motion , your notes can be as general as those of the preceding paragraph . You can spot the actual frame at which each scene is to be cut much better in the editor than in the projector .
When you are through projecting the reel , you will have a number of cards , one for each scene . Almost certainly , these scenes will not be in the desired sequence for projection in the final movie . For example , in shooting the garden film if the choice of lenses is limited , it is probably most convenient to shoot all the long shots first , then move up to take all the medium shots , reset the camera for the medium close - ups and end up with the close - ups .
Arrange the cards in the sequence in which each scene is to be shown . Do not cut any of your film yet . At this time you may think of suitable titles or scenes from other films which you have made which will work in very nicely here . Make cards of them and insert these cards in their proper places . If you are putting together a vacation movie , you may have several sets of scene cards , one for each reel . Add these cards together so that when you are finished you have only one stack of cards arranged in final showing order .
Finally , run through the cards again , this time with a view toward how the finished movie will look to some disinterested party . Are any of the scenes too long to maintain interest ? See if you can cut them down . Do some scenes simply repeat what has already been shown , and shown better ? Discard them . It is much better to have an interesting 30 minute show than a boring 60 minute production which will put your audience to sleep . You will find it very difficult to throw away footage which has cost you a lot of time and money , but a certain amount of ruthlessness at this point is absolutely necessary in making a good movie .
Before proceeding to the next step , the actual cutting of the film into individual scenes , it is usually best to make the titles , find other scenes you may want to insert from other reels and shoot any other footage you have decided to make for the improvement of the overall story . Let us assume this has been done and you are ready for the final editing .
Now renumber your cards , but this time use red or other color ink to distinguish this second set of numbers from the first . The red numbers will tell you the sequence in which the scenes are to be spliced together to make the finished movie ; the black numbers will tell you the position of each scene on the unedited reel of film .
After you have numbered the cards in red , rearrange them into their original order according to the black numbers .
IMPORTANCE OF CLEANLINESS IN EDITING
Before we go any further , we must remind you that clean hands are essential when working with film . Be sure your hands have been freshly washed when you start editing , even if they appear to be perfectly clean . Only in this way can you avoid marking your film with oily fingerprints . Professional movie makers always wear a pair of thin cotton gloves when editing their movies . This is a good idea . Such gloves are sold by camera stores specializing in movie equipment .
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الأساسي للصور المتحركة
تحرير أفلامك ..
إجراء التحرير
EDITING PROCEDURE
The first step in editing a reel of film is to load it into the projector and run it through normally . Don't try to take notes or make changes at the first showing . Content yourself with getting an overall impression of the action . Now , with your 3 x 5 cards and pencil handy , run it through again . This time make notes with a view toward later editing . Use a separate card for each scene , no matter how short or how similar it is to the preceding one , and number each card consecutively with pencil or black ink . You will undoubtedly have to stop and start the projector , run it back and change its speed many times while you are making your notes .
These notes should list each scene by a brief descriptive title so you can identify it later , the apparent camera distance and any other comments you may think of in regard to later cutting and editing . Possible card entries for our garden film might run something like this :
View of Family Garden . LS . O.K. , but cut 1 foot at beginning , and about 2 feet at end .
Dad Clipping Hedge . MCU . ( two takes ) Use first .
Dad Inspecting Rose Bush . CU . Cut excess footage at beginning .
Dad Calling to Mother . MS . ( two takes ) Use second , cut both ends .
Dad Spraying Bush . MCU . Cut out . Action bad .
Dad Spraying Rose Bush . Ball Rolls Into Scene . MCU . O.K.
And so on for the remainder of the film . How detailed you make these preliminary notes depends upon the type of editing equipment you have . If you have a simple viewer which will not permit you to see the film in motion , you will have to make specific notes as to how much to cut off at each end of every scene to make good continuity . If your film viewer is the more elaborate type which enables you to see the film in motion , your notes can be as general as those of the preceding paragraph . You can spot the actual frame at which each scene is to be cut much better in the editor than in the projector .
When you are through projecting the reel , you will have a number of cards , one for each scene . Almost certainly , these scenes will not be in the desired sequence for projection in the final movie . For example , in shooting the garden film if the choice of lenses is limited , it is probably most convenient to shoot all the long shots first , then move up to take all the medium shots , reset the camera for the medium close - ups and end up with the close - ups .
Arrange the cards in the sequence in which each scene is to be shown . Do not cut any of your film yet . At this time you may think of suitable titles or scenes from other films which you have made which will work in very nicely here . Make cards of them and insert these cards in their proper places . If you are putting together a vacation movie , you may have several sets of scene cards , one for each reel . Add these cards together so that when you are finished you have only one stack of cards arranged in final showing order .
Finally , run through the cards again , this time with a view toward how the finished movie will look to some disinterested party . Are any of the scenes too long to maintain interest ? See if you can cut them down . Do some scenes simply repeat what has already been shown , and shown better ? Discard them . It is much better to have an interesting 30 minute show than a boring 60 minute production which will put your audience to sleep . You will find it very difficult to throw away footage which has cost you a lot of time and money , but a certain amount of ruthlessness at this point is absolutely necessary in making a good movie .
Before proceeding to the next step , the actual cutting of the film into individual scenes , it is usually best to make the titles , find other scenes you may want to insert from other reels and shoot any other footage you have decided to make for the improvement of the overall story . Let us assume this has been done and you are ready for the final editing .
Now renumber your cards , but this time use red or other color ink to distinguish this second set of numbers from the first . The red numbers will tell you the sequence in which the scenes are to be spliced together to make the finished movie ; the black numbers will tell you the position of each scene on the unedited reel of film .
After you have numbered the cards in red , rearrange them into their original order according to the black numbers .
IMPORTANCE OF CLEANLINESS IN EDITING
Before we go any further , we must remind you that clean hands are essential when working with film . Be sure your hands have been freshly washed when you start editing , even if they appear to be perfectly clean . Only in this way can you avoid marking your film with oily fingerprints . Professional movie makers always wear a pair of thin cotton gloves when editing their movies . This is a good idea . Such gloves are sold by camera stores specializing in movie equipment .
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