Henrik Ibsen
Norwegian playwright
Main Results
Henrik Johan Ibsen (/ˈɪbsən/;[1] Norwegian: [ˈhɛ̀nrɪk ˈɪ̀psn̩]; 20 March 1828 – 23 May 1906) was a Norwegian playwright and theatre director. As one of the founders of modernism in theatre, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playwrights of his time.[2] His major works include Brand, Peer Gynt, An Enemy of the People, Emperor and Galilean, A Doll's House, Hedda Gabler, Ghosts, The Wild Duck, When We Dead Awaken, Rosmersholm, and The Master Builder. Ibsen is the most frequently performed dramatist in the world after Shakespeare,[3][4] and A Doll's House was the world's most performed play in 2006.[5]
Portrait by Henrik Olrik, 1879 |
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Henrik Johan Ibsen 20 March 1828 Skien, Telemark, Norway |
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23 May 1906 (aged 78) Kristiania, Norway (modern Oslo) |
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Writer, theatre director | |
Drama | |
Naturalism, realism | |
Brand (1865) Peer Gynt (1867) A Doll's House (1879) Ghosts (1881) An Enemy of the People (1882) The Wild Duck (1884) Rosmersholm (1886) Hedda Gabler (1890) |
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Suzannah Thoresen (m. 1858) | |
Sigurd Ibsen | |
Knud Ibsen (father) Marichen Altenburg (mother) |
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Ibsen is often ranked as one of the most distinguished playwrights in the European tradition,[9] and is widely regarded as the foremost playwright of the nineteenth century.[9][10] He influenced other playwrights and novelists such as George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, Arthur Miller, Marguerite Yourcenar, James Joyce, Eugene O'Neill, and Miroslav Krleža. Ibsen was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902, 1903, and 1904.[11]
Ibsen was born into the merchant elite of the port town of Skien and grew up as a member of the Ibsen–Paus extended family. Although most of his plays are set in Norway—often in places reminiscent of Skien—Ibsen lived for 27 years in Italy and Germany and rarely visited Norway during his most productive years. Ibsen's dramas were informed by his background in the merchant elite of Skien, and he often modelled or named characters after family members. Ibsen wrote his plays in Dano-Norwegian,[a] and they were published by the Danish publisher Gyldendal. He was the father of Prime Minister Sigurd Ibsen.
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هنريك إبسن
كاتب ومسرحي نرويجي
هنريك يوهان إبسن (Henrik Johan Ibsen؛ 20 مارس 1828 - 23 مايو 1906) كاتب مسرحي نرويجي كبير، كان من أهم العاملين على ظهور الدراما الواقعية المعاصرة. يعرف بـ «أبو المسرح الحديث». له 26 مسرحية. اعتبر من أهم كاتبي المسرح على مر التاريخ.
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