عناصر ومراحل تطور عملية الاعلام الاجتماعي ٨_a .. كتاب دراسات نظرية في علم الصحافة

Now, we have sufficiently covered the subject of journalism. The press must distinguish what is important, voluminous and immediate, that is, what is new, and it is necessary to know it in relation to the social practice of the readers or listeners of this newspaper or radio. It can also be considered huge and important those events that contain germs (seeds) of the subsequent development of processes and phenomena, as well as those useful information in the activities of the people.

The existing relationship is the relationship. Thus, we can say: The subject (article) of journalism is the magnitude (importance). The magnitude (or importance) is between the new event and a wide group of people (readers, for example). And this is that this wide group of people will adjust (match, fit) their practice, attitude, and actions with this event, so that their practice remains successful or even becomes more successful. In other words: the journalist learns about and studies the changes taking place in the objective reality, often in society. (Every event is a change in objective reality). Among the many changes (or events) taking place, the journalist for the media chooses only those that the readers should know. In general, it can be said: Readers should know everything that might lead to harm if they did not know it.

Or to express the same thing in a positive way. If we want to make our practice (i.e. our work and building society) more successful, we must know well nature and society, what are the laws that operate and control, and in which direction our society is moving and developing. So he explained to me very well and comprehensively, and on the basis of my knowledge, the reasons why craft cooperatives were something that served. The public interest, my own interest, then I will uphold. With all my heart such a social change. And my endorsement will be for my benefit and for the benefit of my country, or, if I am told that the famous Greek composer Mikis Theodorax has been released from the camp of our global campaign, I will, with new boldness, participate in new campaigns of solidarity for the release of other Greek patriots. So this information (media) was important in my practice, my struggle against fascism.

Incidents such as the latest short skirt of a movie star, and the lost shoe of a minister, are no more important to readers than the pain that person felt in his stomach. It is not important at all, and therefore it is outside the topic of journalism.

Significance (importance), as we said, is a relationship between an event and a large group of readers, meaning that the two factors, the event and the readers, are the ones that determine whether something is important (enormous) or not. There are some events that are important to the readers of one newspaper, but not to the readers of another. The reader finds, for example, in the daily newspaper «The Times» of London several pages dedicated to the prices of bonds. As for the London newspaper (Morning Star), the reader does not find these many tables of bond prices. This is very true and understandable. The Times is the newspaper of the great bankers, of the great industrialists, of the great merchants, and consequently the price of bonds is the most important subject in the exercise of their work: and in their financial speculations, because it is they that determine whether they will live better or much better the next day, while the readers of the Morning Star are workers. Therefore, they do not wait for any improvement in bond prices, and therefore other events are more important to them.

Discovering what is important, that is, finding what is really important in me, is no longer an easy task for the journalist at the present time. In order to carry out this task, the journalist needs an adequate knowledge of the social sciences in order to understand the basic trends of development in his country and in the world. It is also a practice in the community. That is, he needs appropriate knowledge of the decisions taken by the decision-making political forces after analyzing the situation, and he also needs to establish close links with the people, i.e. active participation in popular organizations, where he faces problems and contributes as an active member of his society to solving them. It is not possible to study the characteristics of society except through effective and active practice within this society. Thus, the journalist knows better the type of media (information) that people need, and the best way to explain the problems to them and clarify the best way to solve these problems. Knowing which problems are ripe for solution, and helping to solve these problems for the benefit of the people, we say, is the noblest task of a journalist.

The progressive journalist writes in favor of the progressive forces, and his readers are his brothers in the same struggle. So he patiently shows them what is good and necessary for them now, and on what social laws he bases his explanation. Let's give the following example:

The first cooperative societies in the German Democratic Republic were founded in 1952. In the following years it became clear that individual farming had reached the highest level of productivity possible, and therefore, in order to increase agricultural production, large-scale farming had to replace large public farms with small private farms. This is because this method of agricultural production provides the possibility of specializing farmers and the economical use of agricultural machinery. The supervisors and employees of the GDR newspapers, including those journalists who have received the necessary qualification in the field of social sciences, plan to move to cooperative agriculture, because they are well aware that clinging to the old may mean stagnation in production, and that change towards the new will mean a huge improvement in production. On the other hand, the landlord class, which had been liquidated during the agrarian reform of 1945, no longer existed. and this is . It means that there is no longer a class that has an objective interest in preventing the establishment of cooperatives.

But there are new subjective obstacles that must be overcome. A good number of peasants cling to the old system, which confirmed its ability over many years to give them good production. With much patience, the journalists explained the reasons why the individual farms reached their limit, and which led to the necessity of finding a new method of production. Journalists also visited peasants who refused to listen to me and entered into discussions and later more and more peasants who themselves became active advocates of cooperatives. In 1960, the last farmer was convinced and joined the cooperatives. Journalists, the new law that was issued in the community, and helped him to make his way without any clashes.

And last, but not least, a progressive journalist needs to have scientific knowledge of journalism. That is, knowledge of how a person learns about the world and studies it, the psychology of his readers? What are the laws that governed the history of the press? And the laws that control the types of journalism, and the scientific methods for regulating the editorial offices. etc. All this knowledge would help the journalist to perform his noble duty with much understanding and effectiveness. The better we know the theory, the better our practice. This is the best we can offer for the progress of our people and all of humanity.