تويت
التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
تصوير السفر
معدات، الكاميرات، العدسات
عدادات التعرض، معدات فلاش،
حامل ثلاثي القوائم
EQUIPMENT
The amount of equipment you take along with you depends primarily on how much weight you can carry . If you travel by plane or if you are one of those people who likes to travel light , the bare minimum of equipment is called for . On the other hand , if you drive by car and have room , you can carry considerably more . The following covers about everything you should need . If weight or room is a problem , you can do very nicely with less than this .
CAMERAS
This will probably be either a good 35mm camera , using interchangeable lenses , or a 2 % x 24 camera , depending upon which you normally use . The color worker will almost certainly prefer the 35mm - the black - and - white worker may take either , particularly if he likes his pictures sharp and with maximum quality .. Photographers who specialize in the making of travel pictures , of course , carry a number of cameras and are as likely as not to have both sizes .
This German street scene was probably taken with a view camera . You can have the same result with any 35mm camera equipped with a 21mm or 35mm wide angle lens . Place the camera on a tri pod and shoot straight ahead . Do not tilt the camera . You may have to crop the nega tive considerably but you will not have distortion . in the buildings . Courtesy of German Tourist Information Office .
Mt. Fuji bearing down on skaters on Lake Yamanaka . Actually , Mt. Fuji and Lake Yamanaka are miles apart . They are brought together through the use of a telephoto lens with its characteristic foreshortening effect . Courtesy of Japan National Tourist Assoc .
LENSES
You should have at least two lenses in addition to the standard lens supplied with your camera - a medium wide - angle lens and a medium telephoto . For a 35mm camera , the wide - angle lens should have a focal length of 35mm . Such al lens is smaller and lighter than the extreme wide - angle lenses which have received so much attention . Aside from these considerations , you would find that there are more occasions when the medium wide - angle lens will be called for . As to telephoto lenses , if you can carry only one , the preferred lens should have a focal length of from 95 to 105mm . This is a good compromise between the more usual 85mm and 135mm lenses . The color photographer who cannot crop his compositions in the printing will find it necessary to carry a wider assortment of lenses and he will probably prefer two or three telephotos . A good three - lens assortment of telephoto lenses is : 85mm , 135mm and 250mm .
EXPOSURE METERS
A camera with a built - in meter is strongly recommended for general outdoor work . Such a meter is quite accurate enough for anything you will want to do with it and will save the weight and inconvenience of carrying around a separate meter . It is also a lot quicker and easier to use and can permit you to get a picture where the delay of using a separate meter might make it impossible to do so . Of course , if space does permit , it is a good idea to take along an extra meter as insurance against failure of the built - in meter , and also to take care of possible interiors where the lighting is so poor that the built - in meter is not sensitive enough .
FLASH EQUIPMENT
An electronic flash unit may prove very helpful in shooting interiors . The short time duration of the electronic flash attracts the minimum of attention and is generally to be preferred over the individual flash lamps . However , where space and weight are important considerations , the miniature flashbulbs with their tiny reflectors can be quite useful .
This setting is one in which a small electronic flash , or a flashgun using the miniature flash bulbs is helpful . Available light alone would produce deep , empty shadows . The flash fills in the shadows i but does not overpower the existing light from the window . Courtesy of Japan National Tourist Assoc .
TRIPOD
A small light - weight tripod will be found useful for interiors . However , if you don't want to be hampered , you can often get by very nicely by using one of the tripod substitutes discussed earlier in this Assignment .
There will , of course , be the usual assortment of miscellaneous objects such as cable release , lens shade , filters , etc. These are probably already in your possession and you have become familiar with their use . If not , they are discussed in more detail than is possible here , in other parts of this course of study .
CHECKING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW CAMERA
One final and very important note in connection with your camera . It is presumed that the camera you will take with you is one you have been using for some time so that you are thoroughly familiar with its operation important that you know your camera thoroughly . Using a new and unfamiliar camera on an important trip is taking a big chance . When shooting pictures in a hurry in unfamiliar surroundings and with an unfamiliar camera , you may easily forget some small detail in the procedure to be followed in operating your new camera and lose some important pictures . However , if you do find it necessary to buy a new camera before taking a trip , be sure to test it thoroughly .
times , until in loading . Go through all the operative procedures very carefully , many you are sure that you are familiar with every detail from the first to the final step of unloading . Shoot several rolls of film and process them . If the camera has a built - in meter which couples to the lens shutter and aperture controls , it is very important that you test exposure accuracy . It is rather common to find the meter to read a half stop high or low , and while this amount of error may be quite unimportant for average snapshot use , it can make all the difference in the world to the serious photographer shooting color who must get perfect exposures every time . To check the accuracy of the built - in meter , load . the camera with a roll of color film of the type you expect to use . Under no circumstances should you make this test with black - and - white film because its exposure latitude will make it impossible to detect anything but serious errors in exposure .
Expose the film in the usual way on an assortment of as many typical subjects as you can find . Make three exposures for each subject ; one at the meter reading , one at half stop over , and one at half stop under the meter reading . When you get back your slides , project them exactly as you would project the travel slides later . Note exposures very carefully . You may find that the best exposures are those taken at the meter reading , in which case everything is fine . However , it is quite possible that you will find the best exposures to be a third to a half stop or under . If the error is more than one - half stop , it is best to have the camera re - calibrated , but if the error is about one - third stop , all you really need to do is to use a correspondingly higher or lower ASA speed rating . For example , if you find that your camera consistently overexposes by one - third stop , simply set the ASA indicator at ASA 80 for an ASA 64 film .
تصوير السفر
معدات، الكاميرات، العدسات
عدادات التعرض، معدات فلاش،
حامل ثلاثي القوائم
EQUIPMENT
The amount of equipment you take along with you depends primarily on how much weight you can carry . If you travel by plane or if you are one of those people who likes to travel light , the bare minimum of equipment is called for . On the other hand , if you drive by car and have room , you can carry considerably more . The following covers about everything you should need . If weight or room is a problem , you can do very nicely with less than this .
CAMERAS
This will probably be either a good 35mm camera , using interchangeable lenses , or a 2 % x 24 camera , depending upon which you normally use . The color worker will almost certainly prefer the 35mm - the black - and - white worker may take either , particularly if he likes his pictures sharp and with maximum quality .. Photographers who specialize in the making of travel pictures , of course , carry a number of cameras and are as likely as not to have both sizes .
This German street scene was probably taken with a view camera . You can have the same result with any 35mm camera equipped with a 21mm or 35mm wide angle lens . Place the camera on a tri pod and shoot straight ahead . Do not tilt the camera . You may have to crop the nega tive considerably but you will not have distortion . in the buildings . Courtesy of German Tourist Information Office .
Mt. Fuji bearing down on skaters on Lake Yamanaka . Actually , Mt. Fuji and Lake Yamanaka are miles apart . They are brought together through the use of a telephoto lens with its characteristic foreshortening effect . Courtesy of Japan National Tourist Assoc .
LENSES
You should have at least two lenses in addition to the standard lens supplied with your camera - a medium wide - angle lens and a medium telephoto . For a 35mm camera , the wide - angle lens should have a focal length of 35mm . Such al lens is smaller and lighter than the extreme wide - angle lenses which have received so much attention . Aside from these considerations , you would find that there are more occasions when the medium wide - angle lens will be called for . As to telephoto lenses , if you can carry only one , the preferred lens should have a focal length of from 95 to 105mm . This is a good compromise between the more usual 85mm and 135mm lenses . The color photographer who cannot crop his compositions in the printing will find it necessary to carry a wider assortment of lenses and he will probably prefer two or three telephotos . A good three - lens assortment of telephoto lenses is : 85mm , 135mm and 250mm .
EXPOSURE METERS
A camera with a built - in meter is strongly recommended for general outdoor work . Such a meter is quite accurate enough for anything you will want to do with it and will save the weight and inconvenience of carrying around a separate meter . It is also a lot quicker and easier to use and can permit you to get a picture where the delay of using a separate meter might make it impossible to do so . Of course , if space does permit , it is a good idea to take along an extra meter as insurance against failure of the built - in meter , and also to take care of possible interiors where the lighting is so poor that the built - in meter is not sensitive enough .
FLASH EQUIPMENT
An electronic flash unit may prove very helpful in shooting interiors . The short time duration of the electronic flash attracts the minimum of attention and is generally to be preferred over the individual flash lamps . However , where space and weight are important considerations , the miniature flashbulbs with their tiny reflectors can be quite useful .
This setting is one in which a small electronic flash , or a flashgun using the miniature flash bulbs is helpful . Available light alone would produce deep , empty shadows . The flash fills in the shadows i but does not overpower the existing light from the window . Courtesy of Japan National Tourist Assoc .
TRIPOD
A small light - weight tripod will be found useful for interiors . However , if you don't want to be hampered , you can often get by very nicely by using one of the tripod substitutes discussed earlier in this Assignment .
There will , of course , be the usual assortment of miscellaneous objects such as cable release , lens shade , filters , etc. These are probably already in your possession and you have become familiar with their use . If not , they are discussed in more detail than is possible here , in other parts of this course of study .
CHECKING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW CAMERA
One final and very important note in connection with your camera . It is presumed that the camera you will take with you is one you have been using for some time so that you are thoroughly familiar with its operation important that you know your camera thoroughly . Using a new and unfamiliar camera on an important trip is taking a big chance . When shooting pictures in a hurry in unfamiliar surroundings and with an unfamiliar camera , you may easily forget some small detail in the procedure to be followed in operating your new camera and lose some important pictures . However , if you do find it necessary to buy a new camera before taking a trip , be sure to test it thoroughly .
times , until in loading . Go through all the operative procedures very carefully , many you are sure that you are familiar with every detail from the first to the final step of unloading . Shoot several rolls of film and process them . If the camera has a built - in meter which couples to the lens shutter and aperture controls , it is very important that you test exposure accuracy . It is rather common to find the meter to read a half stop high or low , and while this amount of error may be quite unimportant for average snapshot use , it can make all the difference in the world to the serious photographer shooting color who must get perfect exposures every time . To check the accuracy of the built - in meter , load . the camera with a roll of color film of the type you expect to use . Under no circumstances should you make this test with black - and - white film because its exposure latitude will make it impossible to detect anything but serious errors in exposure .
Expose the film in the usual way on an assortment of as many typical subjects as you can find . Make three exposures for each subject ; one at the meter reading , one at half stop over , and one at half stop under the meter reading . When you get back your slides , project them exactly as you would project the travel slides later . Note exposures very carefully . You may find that the best exposures are those taken at the meter reading , in which case everything is fine . However , it is quite possible that you will find the best exposures to be a third to a half stop or under . If the error is more than one - half stop , it is best to have the camera re - calibrated , but if the error is about one - third stop , all you really need to do is to use a correspondingly higher or lower ASA speed rating . For example , if you find that your camera consistently overexposes by one - third stop , simply set the ASA indicator at ASA 80 for an ASA 64 film .
تعليق