موسوعة العلمـاء و المخترعين .. العلمـاء بالترتيب حسب اسم الشهرة .. الحرف ٣_ب

Encyclopedia of Scientists and Inventors..in order according to their nickname..the letter 3_b

⏹ Palmer, Yohan Jacob
Johann Jakob Balmar

Swiss physicist (1825 - 1898)
Palmer was educated in Basel, Switzerland. His most important work was the discovery of a formula that includes vibrations in the lines of the visible spectrum of hydrogen. Among Palmer's counterparts in this physical research are Paschen and Rydberg, who reached
To similar results in the same subject and they work separately.

⏹Banting, Sir Frederick Grant
Banting Sir Frederick Grand

Canadian physician (1891-1941).
Banting trained in Toronto, where he later became a professor of medical research.
Both Best and Macleod participated in the discovery of insulin, which is necessary to metabolize sugars in the body. He was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine with MacLeod in 1923. It ended in a plane crash.

⏹ Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich
Pavlov, Ivan Petrovich

Russian physiologist (organ functions).
( 1936 - 1849 )
He worked as a director of the Department of Physiology at the Institute of Medicine. At the beginning of his studies, he discovered the experimental nerve threads that have an effect on the work of the heart, then he discovered the nerves of thousands of pancreatic events, and he received the Nob Razat Prize for Medicine in 1904. Pavlov studied in Petersburg.
Pavlov studied conditioned nerve reflexes and was determining the locations of emotion events in the cerebral cortex.
Received the Copley Medal in 1915 •
Linking psychological research with conditional reflexes • Pavlov's research was characterized by comprehensiveness, accuracy, and surgical operations, which are internationally recognized achievements. He believed in the mechanism of behavior and the connection of all desires and behaviors to conditional reflexes that the brain generates and interacts with.

⏹ Banks, Sir Joseph, Bazett
Banks Sir Joseph , Bart

English Naturalist ( 1743 - 1820 )
Banks was educated at Harrow, Whiteton and Oxford, and his economic ease allowed him to spend on his scientific studies. He participated in several scientific trips (campaigns), the most famous of which was accompanied by Captain Cook, the campaign known as Endeavor, from which he returned with a new set of models.
Banks received the presidency of the Royal Society of which he was a fellow before.

⏹ Bauer, Georg
Georg Bauer
(Agricola Georgius)
See: Agricola, Georgios

⏹ Pauling, Linus Carl
Pauling, Linus, Carl

American biochemist (1901- )
Pauling learned in Oregon, his birthplace, and in Munich, Copenhagen, and Zurich. He has valuable studies on the linear spectrum and on the application of “quantum theory” to chemistry with regard to antibodies, molecular structure and valence, to which Pauling introduced the idea of ​​“resonance, resonance.” He collaborated with Campbell and Pressman in production of antibiotics.
Pauling won two Nobel Prizes, the first in 1954 for his research on chemical bonds, and the second in 1963 for “for peace.” Despite being an American, he obtained membership in the British Royal Society and was awarded the Davy Medal, before that.

⏹ Pauli, Wolfgang Pauli Wolfgang

Swiss Austrian physicist (1900-1958).
Pauli learned in Munich, then held a number of academic positions in a number of European universities. He was a visiting professor at Princeton University in America. He was famous for his research on quantum theory and the principle of exception (related to the number of electrons that can occupy the same energy level for the atomic nucleus).
As a result, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1945.

Bayes, Bohan Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf
Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf

German organic chemist (1835-1917)
Baer was educated in Heidelberg by Bunsen, then in Berlin by Kekule, and taught in Berlin, then Strasbourg and Munich. He won the Davy Medal for his extensive studies on indigo and uric acid.
For his studies, he won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1905.

Peierls, Rudolf

German physicist (1907 - )
Peierls studied in Berlin, Munich, Leipzig and Zurich
He went to Britain at the age of twenty-two to work as a research fellow, then worked as a teacher of applied mathematics, then studied mathematical physics in Manchester.
Peierls cooperated with the scientist (Frisch) in calculating the critical mass of uranium-235, which is needed to cause an atomic explosion, and during the last world war he worked in the American atomic bomb project, Peierls was chosen. Fellow of the British Royal Society, he also received the Royal Medal.

Bielstein, Friedrich Conrad
Bilstein, Friedrich Conrad

German chemist (1838 - 1906)
Bilstein held the position of Professor at the Institute of Technology in St. Petersburg, and Bilstein was famous for his reference book: Handbuch der Organi schen Chemie, which, despite its lengthy age, remained after its reprinting as a revised reference standard in organic chemistry.