الأجزاء غير الرئيسية في آلة التصوير .. كتاب آلة التصوير

Non-main parts of the camera:

Manufacturers of photocopiers always aim to provide them with improvements intended to facilitate the photocopying process for those who lack sufficient knowledge, and to increase the benefit from a single machine. These improvements may be available in machines and not others, and therefore they are not considered essential parts of the machine, and the following are examples of them:

1- An exposure meter that is used to determine the appropriate aperture of the aperture and shutter speed for each of: the speed of the film’s sensitivity, and the intensity of illumination of the objects you wish to photograph.

And while there is a prevalent reactionary idea among some photographers (especially the old ones): that their eyes are the best measure for estimating exposure factors, i.e. aperture, diaphragm and shutter speed that are suitable for any light conditions, but it is a wrong idea, because if exposure coincides with the amount of exposure. A correct scale estimate several times, this will not always be repeated, especially if the light conditions are not suitable. It is sinful economics. The photographer should dispense with the exposure meter, as its use reduces the amount of consumable materials that are damaged as a result of the error in exposure. Therefore, we advise the photographer to always keep in mind that the exposure meter is an integral part of the camera. The exposure meter may be a fixed part of the machine (Fig. 16) or it may be an additional piece separate from it.

2 - A hole for connecting the flash light wire to the shutter so that the flash light flashes when the shutter trigger is pressed

3- A self-timer device whose function is to delay the opening of the shutter for a period of approximately thirty seconds, which is sufficient for the photographer to take his place in front of the lens.

4- A counter or two manicure to count the pictures that have been taken or that are still remaining in the flag.

e- A water balance to verify that the camera is placed in a completely horizontal position and is not tilted.

6- A way to quickly remind the photographer of the sensitivity and type of film (Fig. 17). A means to prevent taking two pictures, one on top of the other, if the photographer forgets to wrap the film after shooting one of the shots.

Additional supplies for cameras

In addition to the main and non-main parts that are included in the structure of the camera, there are other additional supplies that will expand the scope of using the machine, avoid some defects in the images, or improve the result that the photographer seeks. The following is a brief list of some of these additional supplies, and we will return to explaining them in detail in the appropriate places:

1- Lens hood: it prevents direct rays from falling on the surface of the lens (Fig. 18).

2- Additional lenses: Some cameras are prepared so that their original lens can be replaced by other lenses with a focal length longer or shorter than the original lens.

3- Close up lenses: Because the usual cameras (other than those with double or triple bellows) are governed by a certain distance between the lens and the film, which does not make it suitable for shooting when the body approaches the lens, so additional lenses are made to facilitate this purpose. It is known by various names, such as the Close up lens or the Reproduction lens, and is sometimes called the Portrait lens.

4- Soft focus lenses: These lenses give the images a dreamy look and mix between highly illuminated areas and shadow areas. This is a method that many people tend to follow for artistic purposes. Although the images at that time may appear to the beginner, not completely sharp.

5- Flash light device: It is used to facilitate photography in unsuitable light conditions (for example, in the case of darkness), or to illuminate shadow areas in the case of photography against the light.

6- Camera tripod: with a slow shutter speed (slower than a second, for example). The camera holder has a movable panoramic head (Fig. 20) to move the camera in all directions easily (down, up, right or left).

7- Tele.neter distance estimator:
It is a visual means of determining distances in order to avoid miscalculation. (fig. 13 p. 35)

8- A viewfinder commensurate with the focal length of the different lenses: (Fig. 21) When using a lens whose focal length differs from the focal length of the lens originally equipped for the camera, as if the lens to be placed on the camera was a lens or an obtuse lens, then the viewer must have the equipped viewfinder. In the camera, in order to fit the original lens (which is usually of medium focal length), it has become unsuitable for the telephoto lens or the obtuse angle lens, as the angle of view of each of these lenses differs from the original lens. Therefore, the factories produced a new viewfinder that can be adapted according to the focal length of the used lens, and it is called the Universal view finder (Fig. 21).

9- Optical filters: We will talk about them in detail later. What we have mentioned of these additional supplies are only examples, as there are countless other supplies that are made to be compatible with certain types of photocopiers and to perform special purposes.