فصل الأدب ، المتكررات والرموز والاستعارات والتلميحات ٢-a .. كتاب فهم السينما

From nowhere, that is, they are not present on the site (which is a reception hall), but they are presented as a borrowing only. Special effects in cinematography are also used to create ideas of metaphor, as through the use of a cinematographic printer, two or more things can be linked in the same frame to create ideas that have no material return in reality. The cinematic metaphor, then, is always somewhat prominent, and unlike repetitions and most symbols, metaphors are less contextually coherent and less “realistic” according to our ordinary perception.

There are two other diagnostic methods that are used in film and literature: metonymy and the first allusive It is rarely used in cinema because it tends to use simplification in metonymy There is a simple correspondence between this and that, between a character or situation and a general symbolic idea and the phenomenon of metonymic stories such as the movie Ben (Mickey Ashhr I) It generally deals with the idea of ​​life in its general form (8-12). from Metaphor Examples The Character of Death in Berkman's The Seventh Seal Needless to say, there isn't much mystery as to what the character is supposed to represent. In fact, metonymy is generally avoided precisely because it lacks resonance, suggestion, and ambiguity, all of which often make repetitions, symbols, and metaphors exciting.

As for allusion, it is a common type of literary comparison. It is an implied reference, usually directed at an event, person, or work of art (138). Dennis Hopper's The Easy Rider contains a number of allusions to people and events in American history. The main character's name is Wyatt (which seems to be a nod to Wyatt Earp), and his sidekick is Billy, who wears a suggestive leather jacket As Wild Bill Hickok. Some of the young hippies dressed as Indians. We know that they almost starved to death the previous winter and are now planting corn for the next winter. The hint of clothing indicates that they are like the American Indians in the past, that is, the hippies will either die of hunger or be destroyed.

An explicit reference in cinema or allusion to a film, director, or other famous shot is sometimes called a tribute.) Cinematic appreciation is not just a "quote", but rather assignments that the director presents to a former film professor or contemporary colleague (8) 14) in the film Bokdanovich (the last show, for example, we find the young heroes in the film going to the cinema on their last night together. The movie they are watching is one of Howard's films Hawks, the Red Rider, one of the classic Westerns of the late 1940s, depicted in the film Hooks, is organically connected with Bokdanovich's film, as the West in its heroic model as shown in "The Red Rider" is ironically compared to the crumbling contemporary Texas that appears in the movie (The Last Show is the location of the film's events). Appreciations are posted by Kodar and Truffaut, whose films abound with such contributions.

Perhaps the best practical way of seeing how repetitions, symbols, metaphors, and metaphors really work is to explore in detail their use in a single film.
extension of these technologies. The director uses almost all kinds of cinematic metaphors, including figurative metaphors. There are also many allusions and repetitions in (Persona). Among the many, two types of repetitions stand out: the theme of couples (indicating the schizophrenia and mixing of personalities), and repetitions of paralysis and inability to move (which suggests death). There are repetitions of blood and hands

And the eyes..

It is the main theme of the film Schizophrenia, which Berkman uses as an allegory for philosophical and metaphysical concerns. The most famous theater actress, Elisabeth Volker (Liv Ullmann), suddenly stops speaking while she is performing her role on stage in the lead role (Electra). After days of silence during which she refuses to speak to her husband and son The young man, referred to a psychiatric hospital, asks Alma, a young nurse Bibi (Anderson, to take care of the actress in a psychiatrist's summer cottage where the doctor hopes the excitable young nurse will prompt the actress to speak out). Elizabeth remains silent, encouraged by Elizabeth's courteous attention, Alma painfully tells the story of a slutty party she once participated in. As a result, the nurse becomes pregnant and later decides to have an abortion. After telling the story, Alma now begins to feel pain and guilt for her past actions. After trust is exchanged, the nurse is drawn more towards Elizabeth, even to The degree of perception that the two are similar in terms of physical and temperamental.

Sympathy All this time the enigmatic Elizabeth listens attentively, sometimes outwardly and at other times with a certain friendly enjoyment. Alma's life seems insignificant in comparison to the horror Elizabeth seems to have experienced. When Alma offers to send a letter to her patient, the nurse cannot resist the temptation to read the letter, as Elizabeth has neglected (on purpose? to seal the envelope). She writes the problem in her letter with detached curiosity about Alma's sexual experiences. Elizabeth cannot resist doing a study of her friend, perhaps for an upcoming role (her? This emergency betrayal have A traumatic psychological effect on Alma. From this point on we do not know whether we are witnessing real or imagined events. We are also not sure who is pretending to be Alma or Elizabeth - although it is more likely that it is Alma. The two women fight violently. Her characters begin to blend delicately at first, then dramatically and out of control. Alma makes love to Volker while his wife watches with schizophrenia, sadness and despair. Berkman inserts a number of imagined scenes between the two women that take place in a timeless void. Alma desperately resists the blending of personalities with Elizabeth, but without success. Suddenly, Elizabeth mysteriously disappears. Shortly thereafter, we see Alma packing her clothes, locking the cabin, and leaving alone on an empty bus. Psycho ends here with an ambiguous and unresolved ending. from the story

The film is a series that, despite its great dramatic force, is the structure of Berkman's film, so it is also a complex philosophical exploration of the dilemmas and responsibilities the artist has to his social and political milieu. The story of the two women is framed in a sort of almost ethereal snapshot. Most of the shots that are included are not contextually connected to the main story but serve as metaphors for Berkman's philosophical themes. Synthetic metaphors are found not only at the beginning and end of the film, but also in the middle of the film, where they violently explode as Alma's love for Elizabeth turns into hate.

That the complex scene preceding the titles serves as a musical introduction that briefly introduces the most important ideas that will develop in the main story. Some of the shots in this scene defy careful analysis and even Berkman isn't sure what a few of them mean. On this site of watching the film, we are not expected, of course, to know the significance of most of these shots. It performs its function mostly at the level of the internal viscera. It is meant to push us too far from relaxation. The opening shot in the film shows us the carbon arc of lighting of the movie projector while it is lit (8-115), then we see in quick succession a film coming out from between the gear wheels of the projector and certain images from the film as a tape