تركيب الحامض المثبت .. كتاب أسس التصوير الضوئي .

(fixed acid composition)

From the foregoing, we find that the main salt in the stabilized acid is Sodium thiosulfate. thiosulphate, but due to the ease of damage of this solution and its discoloration as a result of its mixing with some traces of acid that appear stuck in the image and which are difficult to remove in the simple washing period that mediates the display protector and fixation, it has been shown from experiments that by adding acid to the fixation bath it is possible to increase. Its viability and delaying its deterioration, and here another problem arises, which is that by adding an acid to the stabilization bath such as acetic acid, a white precipitate is formed that is sulfur and the acid becomes milky white, as the reaction takes place according to the following equation: Sodium thiosulfate + acetic acid = sulfuric acid + acetate
Sulfur The deposition of sulfur results in another damage to the image, which is that the image does not always have stable colors. In order to avoid the last case, which is the deposition of sulfur, it was found that by adding sodium sulfite to a solution of sodium thiosulfate and acid, no sodium is produced.
sulfur precipitates, and accordingly, it is added to the sodium thiosulfate in the stabilization bath, as mentioned above.

​- An acid stabilizer for X-ray films

It is the same as mentioned in A in the previous example, with an increase in the amount of hypo to 300 grams instead of 200 grams, and the aforementioned fortifier is added to it as well.

- Notes about the installation bath

(1) It is not permissible to increase the degree of concentration beyond the strength that is determined in the installation, as an increase in the degree of concentration over 40% will result in a slow installation process.

(2)- It is always better to use two baths for fixation. If the first bath is damaged as a result of the residue of the solution appearing in it, the second bath will complete the necessary reactions to fix the image without any stains occurring.